La física de la fotografía
Abstract
Fundamentals that support the capture and reproduction of images are discussed, ranging from
historical methods used in analog photography to the advanced technologies present in contemporary digital
sensors. Photographic practice is based on the manipulation of light, which exhibits a dual nature as
both a wave and a particle. The principle of the camera obscura forms the conceptual foundation of modern
cameras, which have evolved to integrate lenses, mirrors, and sensors designed to capture images with high
precision. In the context of analog photography, silver halides in the photosensitive material chemi- cally
react when exposed to light, forming a latent image that is developed in subsequent stages. In contrast,
digital sensors convert incident light into electrical signals, enabling the storage of the image in a digital
format. Additionally, the article explores the impor- tance of diffraction and its correction through the use of
converging lenses, which focus light to produce sharp images, emphasizing the crucial role of focal length
in this process.
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